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''ドイツ語:Abitur'' after twelve years, or ''ドイツ語:Gymnasium'' in eight years (often abbreviated as ''G8'' or ''Gy8'') describes the reduction from the duration in the ''ドイツ語:Gymnasium'' from nine to eight school years in many of the States of Germany. In the States Berlin, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern the reduction took place from seven to six years because, there, primary education goes until grade 6. The principal argument for the reduction are the comparatively long times for vocational education in Germany. In Eastern Germany (especially Saxony and Thuringia) it is, however, already a long established norm to take the ''ドイツ語:Abitur'' after twelve years.〔(ドイツ語:Spiegel Online: ドイツ語:''Im Osten nichts Neues'' )〕 Some German federal states already reverse the reform even though sound academic insights on reform effects are scarce.〔(Huebener, M. & Marcus, J. (2015): ''Empirische Befunde zu Auswirkungen der G8-Schulzeitverkürzung'', DIW Roundup No. 57, 02/2015. ) for an overview of the legislation in February 2015.〕 == Criticism == In part, parents’, teachers’ and students’ organizations express criticism, exclusively from the Western States of Germany.〔(ドイツ語:Spiegel Online: ドイツ語:''Diebstahl der Kindheit'' )〕 In spite of the removal of one school year, all contents of the, now thirteen, school years are arranged. This means that the school timetable is enlarged and that the students have to be at school between 34 and 36 periods a week. Altogether with the homework given and exam preparations a school week is calculated to include an estimate of 45 up to 50 periods. However, there is little empirical evidence on the effect of this compression of instructional hours into fewer years of schooling on student outcomes.〔(Huebener, M. & Marcus, J. (2015): ''Empirische Befunde zu Auswirkungen der G8-Schulzeitverkürzung'', DIW Roundup No. 57, 02/2015. )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Abitur after twelve years」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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